Composite Master KeyThis document details how KeePass locks its databases. |
KeePass stores your passwords securely in an encrypted file (database). This database is locked with a master password, a key file and/or the current Windows account details. To open a database, all key sources (password, key file, ...) are required. Together, these key sources form the Composite Master Key.
KeePass does not support keys being used alternatively, i.e. it's not possible that you can open your database using a password or a key file. Either use a password, a key file, or both at once (both required), but not interchangeably.
If you use a master password, you only have to remember one password or passphrase (which should be good!). KeePass has some basic protection against brute-force and dictionary attacks, read the security information page for more about this.
If you forget this master password, all your other passwords in the database are lost, too. There isn't any backdoor or a key which can open all databases. There is no way of recovering your passwords.
You don't even have to remember a long, complicated master passphrase. The database can alternatively be locked using a key file.
If you lose the key file and have no backup copy of it, your passwords in the database are lost, too. It's just the same as forgetting the master password. There is no backdoor.